Human Nervous System Quiz. The human nervous system controls body functions, senses the environment, and allows communication between different parts of the body. Understanding the nervous system is essential for students, health enthusiasts, and anyone interested in biology or medicine. Test your knowledge with this 20-question quiz.
Human Nervous System Quiz
Question 1: What is the main function of the nervous system?
a) Pump blood
b) Control and coordinate body activities
c) Digest food
d) Produce hormones
Question 2: What are the two main parts of the nervous system?
a) Brain and heart
b) Central and peripheral nervous system
c) Brain and lungs
d) Spinal cord and lungs
Question 3: Which part of the nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord?
a) Peripheral nervous system
b) Central nervous system
c) Somatic nervous system
d) Autonomic nervous system
Question 4: Which cells transmit messages in the nervous system?
a) Muscle cells
b) Nerve cells (neurons)
c) Red blood cells
d) Epithelial cells
Question 5: Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?
a) Axon
b) Dendrites
c) Cell body
d) Myelin sheath
Human Nervous System Quiz
Question 6: Which part of the neuron sends messages to other neurons or muscles?
a) Axon
b) Dendrites
c) Nucleus
d) Soma
Question 7: What is the gap between two neurons called?
a) Synapse
b) Dendrite
c) Axon terminal
d) Nucleus
Question 8: Which part of the brain controls voluntary movements and balance?
a) Cerebrum
b) Cerebellum
c) Medulla oblongata
d) Hypothalamus
Question 9: Which part of the brain controls breathing and heartbeat?
a) Cerebrum
b) Cerebellum
c) Medulla oblongata
d) Thalamus
Question 10: What is the function of the peripheral nervous system?
a) Process thoughts
b) Connect CNS to limbs and organs
c) Digest food
d) Pump blood
Human Nervous System Quiz
Question 11: The autonomic nervous system controls:
a) Voluntary movements
b) Involuntary actions like heartbeat and digestion
c) Thinking and memory
d) Reflexes only
Question 12: The somatic nervous system controls:
a) Reflex actions
b) Voluntary movements of skeletal muscles
c) Heartbeat
d) Digestion
Question 13: Which part of the neuron contains the nucleus?
a) Axon
b) Dendrites
c) Cell body (Soma)
d) Myelin
Question 14: The myelin sheath helps to:
a) Protect the neuron and speed up impulses
b) Receive signals
c) Connect neurons
d) Produce neurotransmitters
Question 15: Reflex actions are controlled by:
a) Brain only
b) Spinal cord only
c) Both spinal cord and brain
d) Nerves in the heart
Human Nervous System Quiz
Question 16: Which neurotransmitter is involved in muscle movement?
a) Serotonin
b) Dopamine
c) Acetylcholine
d) Adrenaline
Question 17: The cerebrum is responsible for:
a) Breathing
b) Thinking, memory, and voluntary actions
c) Balance
d) Reflex actions
Question 18: The thalamus acts as a:
a) Pump
b) Relay station for sensory information
c) Digestive organ
d) Muscle
Question 19: The hypothalamus regulates:
a) Heartbeat only
b) Body temperature, hunger, and thirst
c) Reflex actions
d) Thinking and memory
Question 20: Which nervous system division prepares the body for “fight or flight”?
a) Parasympathetic
b) Sympathetic
c) Somatic
d) Central
Answer Key with Explanations
1 → b) Control and coordinate body activities
Explanation: The nervous system regulates and coordinates all body functions, allowing response to stimuli.
2 → b) Central and peripheral nervous system
Explanation: The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS connects the CNS to the rest of the body.
3 → b) Central nervous system
Explanation: The brain and spinal cord process information and control body activities.
4 → b) Nerve cells (neurons)
Explanation: Neurons transmit electrical and chemical signals throughout the body.
5 → b) Dendrites
Explanation: Dendrites receive signals from other neurons.
6 → a) Axon
Explanation: Axons carry messages away from the neuron to other neurons or muscles.
7 → a) Synapse
Explanation: The synapse is the gap where neurotransmitters carry signals from one neuron to another.
8 → b) Cerebellum
Explanation: The cerebellum coordinates movement, posture, and balance.
9 → c) Medulla oblongata
Explanation: The medulla oblongata controls vital involuntary actions like heartbeat and breathing.
10 → b) Connect CNS to limbs and organs
Explanation: The PNS transmits messages between the CNS and the rest of the body.
11 → b) Involuntary actions like heartbeat and digestion
Explanation: The autonomic nervous system regulates actions not under conscious control.
12 → b) Voluntary movements of skeletal muscles
Explanation: The somatic nervous system controls conscious movements.
13 → c) Cell body (Soma)
Explanation: The soma contains the nucleus and organelles of the neuron.
14 → a) Protect the neuron and speed up impulses
Explanation: The myelin sheath insulates axons and increases signal transmission speed.
15 → b) Spinal cord only
Explanation: Reflexes are rapid, involuntary actions controlled by the spinal cord.
16 → c) Acetylcholine
Explanation: Acetylcholine is essential for muscle contraction and movement.
17 → b) Thinking, memory, and voluntary actions
Explanation: The cerebrum is responsible for higher brain functions and conscious actions.
18 → b) Relay station for sensory information
Explanation: The thalamus directs sensory information to the appropriate brain areas.
19 → b) Body temperature, hunger, and thirst
Explanation: The hypothalamus regulates homeostasis and basic survival functions.
20 → b) Sympathetic
Explanation: The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for stress or danger (“fight or flight”).
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