Cells are the basic units of life that make up all living organisms. They carry out essential life processes such as respiration, growth, reproduction, and excretion. Understanding the structure and functions of cells helps students to know how living things are organized and how they function. This quiz is designed to test your knowledge of cell structure and functions. Read each question carefully and choose the most appropriate answer.
Cell Structure and Functions Quiz
1. The basic structural and functional unit of life is the
A. Tissue
B. Organ
C. Cell
D. System
2. Which part of the cell controls all activities?
A. Cytoplasm
B. Nucleus
C. Ribosome
D. Vacuole
3. The jelly-like substance found inside the cell is called
A. Protoplasm
B. Cytoplasm
C. Nucleoplasm
D. Cell sap
4. Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
A. Ribosome
B. Chloroplast
C. Mitochondrion
D. Lysosome
5. The cell membrane is mainly responsible for
A. Protection only
B. Controlling movement of substances
C. Food production
D. Respiration
Cell Structure and Functions Quiz
6. Which structure is present in plant cells but absent in animal cells?
A. Mitochondrion
B. Ribosome
C. Cell wall
D. Nucleus
7. The main function of ribosomes is
A. Respiration
B. Protein synthesis
C. Digestion
D. Storage
8. The green organelle responsible for photosynthesis is the
A. Vacuole
B. Chloroplast
C. Nucleus
D. Lysosome
9. Which cell organelle contains digestive enzymes?
A. Mitochondrion
B. Golgi body
C. Lysosome
D. Ribosome
10. The fluid-filled sac found mainly in plant cells is the
A. Vesicle
B. Vacuole
C. Lysosome
D. Centrosome
Cell Structure and Functions Quiz
11. The movement of substances across the cell membrane without energy is called
A. Active transport
B. Diffusion
C. Translocation
D. Circulation
12. Which structure gives shape and support to plant cells?
A. Cell membrane
B. Cytoplasm
C. Cell wall
D. Nucleus
13. The site of cellular respiration is the
A. Ribosome
B. Nucleus
C. Mitochondrion
D. Chloroplast
14. The endoplasmic reticulum is mainly involved in
A. Digestion
B. Transport of materials
C. Respiration
D. Excretion
15. Which organelle packages and secretes proteins?
A. Ribosome
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Lysosome
D. Vacuole
16. The centrosome is mainly involved in
A. Respiration
B. Cell division
C. Photosynthesis
D. Digestion
17. Which part of the nucleus contains genetic material?
A. Nucleolus
B. Nuclear membrane
C. Chromatin
D. Cytoplasm
18. The selectively permeable nature of the cell membrane means it
A. Allows all substances in
B. Prevents all substances
C. Controls entry and exit
D. Is completely rigid
19. Which organelle is responsible for detoxification in cells?
A. Golgi body
B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C. Ribosome
D. Vacuole
20. The process by which a cell engulfs solid particles is called
A. Pinocytosis
B. Diffusion
C. Phagocytosis
D. Osmosis
Cell Structure and Functions Quiz
21. Which structure is known as the control centre of the cell?
A. Ribosome
B. Nucleus
C. Lysosome
D. Vacuole
22. The cell sap is found inside the
A. Cytoplasm
B. Nucleus
C. Vacuole
D. Cell wall
23. Which organelle is responsible for spindle formation?
A. Ribosome
B. Lysosome
C. Centrosome
D. Chloroplast
24. The stacking of membranes in chloroplasts are called
A. Cristae
B. Grana
C. Thylakoids
D. Stroma
25. Which structure separates the cell contents from the environment?
A. Cell wall
B. Cytoplasm
C. Nucleus
D. Cell membrane
Cell Structure and Functions Quiz Answers and Explanations
1. C — Cell
The cell is the smallest unit capable of carrying out all life processes.
2. B — Nucleus
The nucleus controls all activities and contains genetic material.
3. B — Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance where most reactions occur.
4. C — Mitochondrion
It releases energy through respiration.
5. B — Controlling movement of substances
The cell membrane regulates entry and exit of materials.
6. C — Cell wall
Only plant cells possess a rigid cell wall.
7. B — Protein synthesis
Ribosomes manufacture proteins.
8. B — Chloroplast
Chloroplast contains chlorophyll for photosynthesis.
9. C — Lysosome
Lysosomes digest waste and worn-out organelles.
10. B — Vacuole
It stores water, food, and waste.
11. B — Diffusion
Diffusion occurs without energy input.
12. C — Cell wall
The cell wall provides strength and support.
13. C — Mitochondrion
Respiration occurs here.
14. B — Transport of materials
The endoplasmic reticulum moves substances within the cell.
15. B — Golgi apparatus
It packages and exports proteins.
16. B — Cell division
The centrosome helps form spindle fibres.
17. C — Chromatin
Chromatin contains DNA.
18. C — Controls entry and exit
It allows selective movement of substances.
19. B — Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
It detoxifies harmful substances.
20. C — Phagocytosis
Phagocytosis is the intake of solid particles.
21. B — Nucleus
It regulates cellular activities.
22. C — Vacuole
Cell sap is stored in the vacuole.
23. C — Centrosome
It organizes spindle fibres.
24. B — Grana
Grana are stacks of thylakoids in chloroplasts.
25. D — Cell membrane
It separates cell contents from the external environment.
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