Blood and Its Components Quiz. Blood is a vital connective tissue that transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body. It also plays a key role in immunity, clotting, and maintaining homeostasis. This quiz will test your knowledge of blood composition, functions, types of cells, plasma, and related physiological processes.
Blood and Its Components Quiz
1. What is the liquid component of blood called?
A. Platelets
B. Plasma
C. Serum
D. Hemoglobin
2. Which blood cells are primarily responsible for transporting oxygen?
A. White blood cells
B. Red blood cells
C. Platelets
D. Plasma cells
3. Which component of blood helps in clotting?
A. Plasma
B. Red blood cells
C. Platelets
D. Lymph
4. Hemoglobin is a protein found in:
A. Plasma
B. White blood cells
C. Red blood cells
D. Platelets
5. Which type of white blood cell is involved in antibody production?
A. Neutrophils
B. Lymphocytes
C. Monocytes
D. Eosinophils
Blood and Its Components Quiz
6. The average lifespan of a red blood cell is approximately:
A. 10 days
B. 30 days
C. 120 days
D. 365 days
7. What is the main function of white blood cells?
A. Oxygen transport
B. Immunity and defense against pathogens
C. Clot formation
D. Nutrient transport
8. Which plasma protein helps in maintaining osmotic pressure of blood?
A. Hemoglobin
B. Albumin
C. Fibrinogen
D. Myoglobin
9. Blood constitutes approximately what percentage of total body weight?
A. 2–4%
B. 7–8%
C. 10–12%
D. 15–20%
10. Which blood type is considered the universal donor?
A. AB+
B. O−
C. A+
D. B−
Blood and Its Components Quiz
11. Which blood type is the universal recipient?
A. AB+
B. O−
C. A−
D. B+
12. Which white blood cells increase during allergic reactions?
A. Neutrophils
B. Basophils
C. Eosinophils
D. Lymphocytes
13. Fibrinogen in blood is important for:
A. Oxygen transport
B. Clotting
C. Immunity
D. Hormone transport
14. Which component of blood carries carbon dioxide from tissues to lungs?
A. Red blood cells
B. Plasma
C. Platelets
D. White blood cells
15. Which vitamin is essential for blood clotting?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin K
D. Vitamin C
16. Which type of white blood cell is the first responder to bacterial infection?
A. Lymphocytes
B. Monocytes
C. Neutrophils
D. Eosinophils
17. The biconcave shape of red blood cells helps to:
A. Produce hormones
B. Increase surface area for gas exchange
C. Move rapidly through veins
D. Protect against pathogens
18. Plasma constitutes approximately what percentage of total blood volume?
A. 25%
B. 55%
C. 70%
D. 80%
19. Which blood component is responsible for immune defense by engulfing pathogens?
A. Neutrophils and monocytes
B. Platelets
C. Plasma
D. Red blood cells
Blood and Its Components Quiz
20. Which condition results from a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin?
A. Leukemia
B. Anemia
C. Hemophilia
D. Thrombocytopenia
21. What is the primary function of platelets?
A. Oxygen transport
B. Blood clotting
C. Immunity
D. Carbon dioxide transport
22. Which of the following is a granulocyte?
A. Lymphocyte
B. Monocyte
C. Neutrophil
D. Erythrocyte
23. The iron in hemoglobin binds to:
A. Carbon dioxide
B. Oxygen
C. Nitrogen
D. Sodium
24. Which type of blood cell has a nucleus in humans?
A. Red blood cells
B. Platelets
C. White blood cells
D. Plasma cells
25. Which condition is characterized by an abnormally high white blood cell count?
A. Leukopenia
B. Leukemia
C. Anemia
D. Thrombocytopenia
Answers and Explanations:
1. Answer: B
Explanation: Plasma is the liquid component of blood that carries cells, nutrients, hormones, and waste products.
2. Answer: B
Explanation: Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which transports oxygen from lungs to tissues.
3. Answer: C
Explanation: Platelets (thrombocytes) help in blood clotting by forming plugs at injury sites.
4. Answer: C
Explanation: Hemoglobin is found inside red blood cells and binds oxygen.
5. Answer: B
Explanation: Lymphocytes produce antibodies to defend the body against pathogens.
6. Answer: C
Explanation: Red blood cells have a lifespan of approximately 120 days before being recycled.
7. Answer: B
Explanation: White blood cells provide immunity and protect the body from infection.
8. Answer: B
Explanation: Albumin helps maintain osmotic pressure, keeping fluid in the blood vessels.
9. Answer: B
Explanation: Blood makes up about 7–8% of total body weight.
10. Answer: B
Explanation: O− blood type can be safely donated to any other blood type, making it the universal donor.
11. Answer: A
Explanation: AB+ blood type can receive blood from any other type, making it the universal recipient.
12. Answer: C
Explanation: Eosinophils increase in number during allergic reactions and parasitic infections.
13. Answer: B
Explanation: Fibrinogen is converted to fibrin to form blood clots.
14. Answer: B
Explanation: CO₂ is mostly carried dissolved in plasma as bicarbonate ions.
15. Answer: C
Explanation: Vitamin K is necessary for the synthesis of clotting factors.
16. Answer: C
Explanation: Neutrophils are the first white blood cells to respond to bacterial infections.
17. Answer: B
Explanation: The biconcave shape of RBCs increases surface area for efficient gas exchange.
18. Answer: B
Explanation: Plasma makes up about 55% of total blood volume.
19. Answer: A
Explanation: Neutrophils and monocytes engulf and digest pathogens through phagocytosis.
20. Answer: B
Explanation: Anemia results from a deficiency in red blood cells or hemoglobin, reducing oxygen transport.
21. Answer: B
Explanation: Platelets are essential for blood clotting and preventing excessive bleeding.
22. Answer: C
Explanation: Neutrophils are granulocytes, containing granules in their cytoplasm.
23. Answer: B
Explanation: Iron in hemoglobin binds oxygen for transport in red blood cells.
24. Answer: C
Explanation: White blood cells contain a nucleus, unlike mature red blood cells and platelets.
25. Answer: B
Explanation: Leukemia is characterized by an abnormally high white blood cell count.
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