Agricultural Science Past Questions and Answers for WAEC/JAMB

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Agricultural Science Past Questions and Answers for WAEC, NECO, GCE and JAMB with 100 Objs compiled and Theory

Preparing for any major examination can be daunting, but with the right tools and strategies, you can significantly boost your confidence and performance. For students aiming to excel in Agricultural Science Past Questions and Answers in WAEC (West African Examinations Council) or JAMB (Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board) exams, one of the most effective ways to prepare is by using past questions and answers.

Why Agricultural Science Past Questions and Answers Are Important

  1. Familiarity with Exam Patterns:
    Past questions give you insight into the structure and format of WAEC and JAMB Agric exams. This familiarity reduces surprises on exam day and helps you focus better.
  2. Repetition of Topics:
    Examination bodies often repeat questions from previous years, either in the same format or rephrased. By studying past questions, you can identify high-yield topics and prioritize them during revision.
  3. Self-Assessment:
    Attempting past questions under timed conditions allows you to gauge your readiness. You’ll identify your strengths and areas needing improvement, giving you a clear roadmap for focused preparation.
  4. Boost Confidence:
    Practicing past questions builds your confidence as you become more comfortable with the types of questions asked and their difficulty levels.

How to Use Agricultural Science Past Questions and Answers Effectively

  1. Start Early:
    Don’t wait until a few weeks before the exam. Begin reviewing past questions early to allow ample time for revision and practice.
  2. Study by Topic:
    Organize past questions by topics such as soil science, crop production, animal husbandry, and agricultural economics. This method helps reinforce your understanding of each topic.
  3. Time Yourself:
    Simulate the actual exam environment by answering questions within the allocated time. This will improve your speed and accuracy.
  4. Analyze Your Answers:
    After completing a set of questions, go through the answers carefully. Understand why an answer is correct or wrong to avoid repeating mistakes.
  5. Combine with Textbooks and Notes:
    Use past questions alongside recommended textbooks and class notes for deeper comprehension. If you find any question difficult, refer to your textbooks for detailed explanations.
  6. Work in Groups:
    Studying with peers can help you learn faster. You can exchange ideas, discuss answers, and clarify challenging topics together.

Tips for Success in WAEC and JAMB Agric Science Exams

  1. Focus on topics like soil fertility, crop diseases, and animal production, which are frequently tested.
  2. Pay attention to practical agriculture as WAEC often emphasizes this aspect.
  3. Practice diagram-based questions, such as drawing and labeling parts of plants or animals.
  4. Improve your time management skills to avoid spending too much time on a single question during the exam.
  5. Revise agricultural terminologies and definitions regularly.

Using Agricultural Science past questions and answers is a proven method for achieving excellent results in WAEC, NECO, GCE and JAMB. However, consistency and dedication are key. Combine this approach with effective study habits, and you’ll be well-prepared to excel in your Agricultural Science exams.

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50 Agricultural Science past questions and their answers With 30 objectives tailored for WAEC, NECO, GCE and JAMB preparation.

1. SOIL SCIENCE

  1. Which soil type retains the most water?
    Answer: Clay soil.
  2. What is the primary function of earthworms in the soil?
    Answer: Aeration and decomposition of organic matter.
  3. What is the pH range suitable for most crops?
    Answer: 6.0–7.5.
  4. A soil sample with a pH of 4.5 is classified as?
    Answer: Acidic.
  5. What is the process by which water moves through soil layers called?
    Answer: Percolation.

2. CROP PRODUCTION

  1. The practice of growing one crop on a piece of land repeatedly is known as?
    Answer: Monocropping.
  2. What is the major advantage of crop rotation?
    Answer: Prevention of soil nutrient depletion.
  3. Which method of propagation is used for maize?
    Answer: Seed propagation.
  4. Name a common disease of cassava.
    Answer: Cassava mosaic disease.
  5. What is the ideal planting depth for maize?
    Answer: 3–5 cm.

3. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY

  1. What is the primary purpose of deworming livestock?
    Answer: To eliminate intestinal parasites.
  2. Which breed of cattle is best suited for milk production?
    Answer: Friesian.
  3. What is a young female chicken called before it starts laying eggs?
    Answer: Pullet.
  4. What is the gestation period of a goat?
    Answer: About 150 days.
  5. Which disease is caused by the tsetse fly?
    Answer: Trypanosomiasis.

4. FARM MACHINERY

  1. What is the function of a disc plough?
    Answer: Tilling and breaking up soil.
  2. Which farm machine is used to harvest grains?
    Answer: Combine harvester.
  3. How often should farm machinery be lubricated?
    Answer: As specified in the manufacturer’s manual.
  4. What is the main source of power for a tractor?
    Answer: Internal combustion engine.
  5. Name one implement attached to tractors for land preparation.
    Answer: Harrow.

5. AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS

  1. What is the law of diminishing returns?
    Answer: It states that adding more units of a variable input to fixed inputs will eventually yield lower marginal output.
  2. Define farm budgeting.
    Answer: Farm budgeting is the planning of farm expenses and income over a period.
  3. What is the major advantage of agricultural cooperatives?
    Answer: Pooling resources for economies of scale.
  4. What does GDP stand for in agriculture?
    Answer: Gross Domestic Product.
  5. What is the marketing margin in agriculture?
    Answer: The difference between the price paid by the consumer and the price received by the producer.

6. FISHERY AND FORESTRY

  1. What is pisciculture?
    Answer: The artificial rearing of fish.
  2. Name one disease that affects fish in aquaculture.
    Answer: Fin rot.
  3. What is the main reason for forest conservation?
    Answer: Prevention of deforestation and biodiversity loss.
  4. What is the major product derived from forestry?
    Answer: Timber.
  5. Name a common species of fish used in aquaculture.
    Answer: Tilapia.

7. PRACTICAL AGRICULTURE

  1. What is a seedbed?
    Answer: A prepared area of soil for planting seeds.
  2. What tool is used for planting yam?
    Answer: Planting stick.
  3. What is the purpose of staking in crop production?
    Answer: To support plants like tomatoes and yams.
  4. Name one chemical used as a herbicide.
    Answer: Glyphosate.
  5. What is the purpose of soil sampling?
    Answer: To determine soil fertility and nutrient status.

ADDITIONAL AGRICULTURAL PAST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS BY TOPICS

  1. What are legumes primarily grown for?
    Answer: Nitrogen fixation and protein-rich seeds.
  2. What is the meaning of “transpiration” in plants?
    Answer: Loss of water vapor from plant leaves.
  3. What causes wilting in plants?
    Answer: Excessive water loss or insufficient water supply.
  4. What is crop thinning?
    Answer: Removal of excess seedlings to reduce competition.
  5. Name a viral disease affecting poultry.
    Answer: Newcastle disease.

PRACTICE QUESTIONS FOR JAMB/WAEC

  1. Which farming system involves clearing and burning vegetation?
    Answer: Shifting cultivation.
  2. What is the full meaning of NPK in fertilizers?
    Answer: Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium.
  3. What is the importance of mulching?
    Answer: It conserves soil moisture and reduces weed growth.
  4. Name one plant propagated by cuttings.
    Answer: Cassava.
  5. What does GDP contribution of agriculture imply?
    Answer: The share of agriculture in the country’s total output.

ADVANCED QUESTIONS

  1. Explain the difference between organic and inorganic manure.
  2. Describe the process of irrigation.
  3. What is the function of Rhizobium in agriculture?
  4. What is the main symptom of nitrogen deficiency in plants?
  5. What is “strip grazing”?

Agricultural Science Past Questions and Answers | WAEC, NECO, GCE and JAMB

Agricultural Science Past Questions and Answers (Objective Questions (1–100)

1. The practice of growing crops and rearing animals is known as
A. aquaculture
B. apiculture
C. agriculture
D. horticulture
Answer: C

2. Which of the following is a function of the root in plants?
A. Photosynthesis
B. Respiration
C. Anchorage
D. Pollination
Answer: C

3. Which type of soil has the highest water-holding capacity?
A. Sandy soil
B. Clay soil
C. Loamy soil
D. Silt soil
Answer: B

4. Crop rotation helps to
A. reduce rainfall
B. increase evaporation
C. control pests and diseases
D. reduce humidity
Answer: C

5. An example of a ruminant animal is the
A. pig
B. horse
C. goat
D. rabbit
Answer: C

6. Which of the following is an example of a leguminous crop?
A. Maize
B. Rice
C. Cowpea
D. Cassava
Answer: C

7. Soil texture refers to
A. the temperature of the soil
B. the size of soil particles
C. the colour of soil
D. the slope of the land
Answer: B

8. The process of supplying water artificially to crops is known as
A. irrigation
B. mulching
C. fertilization
D. drainage
Answer: A

9. Which of these is a function of the farm manager?
A. Ploughing land
B. Applying fertilizers
C. Supervising farm operations
D. Selling produce
Answer: C

10. Which of the following tools is used for harvesting?
A. Hoe
B. Cutlass
C. Sickle
D. Spade
Answer: C

11. The following are macronutrients except
A. Nitrogen
B. Phosphorus
C. Iron
D. Potassium
Answer: C

12. A good example of a monocotyledonous plant is
A. Groundnut
B. Cowpea
C. Maize
D. Cotton
Answer: C

13. The use of living organisms to control pests is called
A. chemical control
B. cultural control
C. biological control
D. mechanical control
Answer: C

14. Which of the following is a disadvantage of bush burning?
A. Kills pests
B. Adds nutrients to soil
C. Destroys soil structure
D. Increases soil fertility
Answer: C

15. Organic manure is better than inorganic fertilizer because it
A. is easy to transport
B. contains more nutrients
C. does not improve soil texture
D. improves soil structure
Answer: D

16. Which of the following animals undergoes metamorphosis?
A. Goat
B. Sheep
C. Fish
D. Grasshopper
Answer: D

17. Which of the following is not a function of the agricultural extension officer?
A. Educating farmers
B. Distributing inputs
C. Conducting research
D. Transferring innovations
Answer: C

18. The removal of excess water from farmland is called
A. irrigation
B. tillage
C. drainage
D. mulching
Answer: C

19. Which of these crops is propagated by corm?
A. Yam
B. Cassava
C. Cocoyam
D. Sweet potato
Answer: C

20. The major source of protein in animal feed is
A. maize
B. cassava
C. groundnut cake
D. sugarcane
Answer: C

21. The term “oestrogen” is associated with
A. soil
B. fertilizer
C. animals
D. seeds
Answer: C

22. Which of these is a pest of stored grains?
A. Armyworm
B. Termite
C. Weevil
D. Mealy bug
Answer: C

23. Crossbreeding in animals is done to
A. increase lifespan
B. improve resistance
C. reduce food intake
D. change animal color
Answer: B

24. Crop improvement aims to
A. increase land area
B. increase yield
C. reduce prices
D. increase labour
Answer: B

25. Which of the following is a vegetative propagation method?
A. Seed sowing
B. Cutting
C. Broadcasting
D. Budding
Answer: B

26. Which part of the egg develops into the chick?
A. Shell
B. Albumen
C. Chalaza
D. Germinal disc
Answer: D

27. An example of a biennial crop is
A. maize
B. carrot
C. rice
D. okra
Answer: B

28. The most common method of applying nitrogen fertilizer is by
A. spraying
B. broadcasting
C. dusting
D. fumigating
Answer: B

29. A major disease of cassava is
A. mosaic
B. blight
C. rust
D. smut
Answer: A

30. The part of the plough that cuts the soil is called the
A. handle
B. disc
C. share
D. beam
Answer: C

31. Which of the following animals is monogastric?
A. Cow
B. Sheep
C. Pig
D. Goat
Answer: C

32. The process of removing unwanted plants from a farm is
A. thinning
B. pruning
C. weeding
D. harvesting
Answer: C

33. A cropping system where a farmer grows maize and beans on the same land at the same time is
A. crop rotation
B. intercropping
C. monocropping
D. mixed farming
Answer: B

34. Animal traction in agriculture means
A. raising animals for meat
B. using animals to carry loads
C. using animals for farm work
D. feeding animals
Answer: C

35. Which of the following is not a principle of crop rotation?
A. Crops should be alternated
B. Root crops should follow legumes
C. Similar crops should follow each other
D. Leafy crops should be included
Answer: C

36. The incubation period of a chicken egg is
A. 18 days
B. 21 days
C. 25 days
D. 30 days
Answer: B

37. Which of the following is an example of a field crop?
A. Tomato
B. Onion
C. Soybean
D. Cabbage
Answer: C

38. Which of these animals produces wool?
A. Goat
B. Pig
C. Sheep
D. Rabbit
Answer: C

39. Silage is mainly used for feeding
A. pigs
B. poultry
C. ruminants
D. fish
Answer: C

40. Which mineral deficiency causes goitre in animals?
A. Calcium
B. Phosphorus
C. Iodine
D. Iron
Answer: C

41. What is the average gestation period of a sow?
A. 3 months
B. 5 months
C. 4 months
D. 6 months
Answer: A

42. Which of these is an organ of digestion in poultry?
A. Crop
B. Beak
C. Lungs
D. Feather
Answer: A

43. Which disease affects poultry and causes twisting of the neck?
A. Fowl pox
B. Newcastle disease
C. Coccidiosis
D. Marek’s disease
Answer: B

44. Fumigation is used to control
A. fungi
B. viruses
C. insects
D. nematodes
Answer: C

45. The most common source of energy in animal feed is
A. protein
B. vitamins
C. fats
D. carbohydrates
Answer: D

46. Which of these is not an agricultural product?
A. Cocoa
B. Palm oil
C. Crude oil
D. Groundnut
Answer: C

47. The total number of livestock per unit area of land is called
A. stock count
B. stock size
C. stocking density
D. population
Answer: C

48. An advantage of organic farming is that
A. it gives faster yield
B. it improves soil fertility
C. it is more expensive
D. it kills all pests
Answer: B

49. The primary function of chlorophyll is
A. respiration
B. photosynthesis
C. digestion
D. fermentation
Answer: B

50. Which farm record shows income and expenditure?
A. Inventory record
B. Production record
C. Cash analysis record
D. Input record
Answer: C

Agricultural Science Past Questions and Answers | WAEC, NECO, GCE and JAMB

Agricultural Science Past Questions and Answers (Objective Questions (51–100)

51. The function of a windbreak in farming is to
A. reduce humidity
B. prevent crop diseases
C. reduce wind speed
D. increase rainfall
Answer: C

52. In animal production, a dual-purpose breed is one used for
A. only meat
B. meat and milk
C. skin and bones
D. work and eggs
Answer: B

53. Which of these is a soil pollutant?
A. Humus
B. Fertilizer
C. Pesticide
D. Manure
Answer: C

54. The most effective method of preserving maize grain is by
A. sun-drying
B. fermenting
C. soaking
D. roasting
Answer: A

55. Which of these animals is a monogastric herbivore?
A. Pig
B. Goat
C. Rabbit
D. Sheep
Answer: C

56. In irrigation farming, sprinkler systems work by
A. flooding the land
B. spraying water
C. using pipes underground
D. lifting water manually
Answer: B

57. The main product of poultry birds used for reproduction is
A. feathers
B. eggs
C. droppings
D. meat
Answer: B

58. Crop pests are most effectively controlled with
A. fertilizer
B. pesticides
C. irrigation
D. soil amendment
Answer: B

59. Which part of the ruminant stomach is responsible for water absorption?
A. Rumen
B. Reticulum
C. Omasum
D. Abomasum
Answer: C

60. Which of the following diseases affects cattle and causes swelling of lymph nodes?
A. Anthrax
B. Foot rot
C. Rinderpest
D. Brucellosis
Answer: A

61. One disadvantage of chemical fertilizers is that
A. they are organic
B. they reduce crop yield
C. they do not improve soil structure
D. they are too bulky
Answer: C

62. A major source of protein in poultry feed is
A. maize
B. palm kernel
C. fish meal
D. wheat
Answer: C

63. Poultry droppings can be used to
A. raise poultry
B. feed fish
C. fertilize soil
D. kill pests
Answer: C

64. A disease that causes red droppings in poultry is
A. Newcastle disease
B. Coccidiosis
C. Marek’s disease
D. Fowl pox
Answer: B

65. A major symptom of mineral deficiency in animals is
A. high energy
B. slow growth
C. increased fertility
D. large body size
Answer: B

66. Which of the following is a method of artificial vegetative propagation?
A. Pollination
B. Cutting
C. Fertilization
D. Seed sowing
Answer: B

67. Overgrazing can lead to
A. soil fertility
B. soil erosion
C. crop rotation
D. root growth
Answer: B

68. Examples of farm inputs are
A. sun and water
B. seeds and fertilizers
C. rainfall and wind
D. pests and predators
Answer: B

69. A common practice in fish farming is
A. paddocking
B. pruning
C. stocking
D. hay making
Answer: C

70. Which of the following is not a method of fish preservation?
A. Smoking
B. Salting
C. Fertilizing
D. Freezing
Answer: C

71. Which of the following is not an economic tree?
A. Mango
B. Neem
C. Mahogany
D. Mushroom
Answer: D

72. The process of removing male flowers to promote fruit formation is called
A. thinning
B. pruning
C. emasculation
D. budding
Answer: C

73. A condition where a plant wilts due to lack of water is called
A. evaporation
B. transpiration
C. drought
D. leaching
Answer: C

74. The incubation period of duck eggs is
A. 21 days
B. 25 days
C. 28 days
D. 30 days
Answer: C

75. What is the name of the structure used for storing grains?
A. Greenhouse
B. Silo
C. Barn
D. Fishpond
Answer: B

76. The best method of preventing soil erosion is
A. crop rotation
B. irrigation
C. mulching
D. planting cover crops
Answer: D

77. The outer layer of the soil is called
A. subsoil
B. topsoil
C. parent rock
D. humus
Answer: B

78. Which farm animal is used for transportation?
A. Cattle
B. Dog
C. Donkey
D. Pig
Answer: C

79. Which of these is a renewable resource?
A. Crude oil
B. Natural gas
C. Water
D. Coal
Answer: C

80. The process of applying water to crops during dry season is known as
A. irrigation
B. harvesting
C. drainage
D. tillage
Answer: A

81. Leaching in soil means
A. addition of water
B. washing away of nutrients
C. application of fertilizer
D. cultivation
Answer: B

82. Which of these crops requires staking?
A. Yam
B. Maize
C. Millet
D. Groundnut
Answer: A

83. The act of removing unwanted branches from crops is
A. weeding
B. pruning
C. grafting
D. mulching
Answer: B

84. Land tenure system in which land is owned by individuals is called
A. communal
B. freehold
C. leasehold
D. inheritance
Answer: B

85. The law of diminishing returns is applicable in
A. processing
B. marketing
C. storage
D. production
Answer: D

86. The best time to apply fertilizer is
A. during heavy rain
B. after harvesting
C. during land preparation
D. when crops need nutrients
Answer: D

87. The economic importance of bees in agriculture includes
A. crop destruction
B. pollination
C. stinging animals
D. disease control
Answer: B

88. The type of agriculture practiced for family consumption is
A. commercial
B. cooperative
C. subsistence
D. mechanized
Answer: C

89. An example of a tap root crop is
A. maize
B. rice
C. cassava
D. wheat
Answer: C

90. The most suitable storage method for yam is
A. bagging
B. crating
C. heaping in barns
D. silo storage
Answer: C

91. The removal of excess seedlings after germination is called
A. pruning
B. mulching
C. thinning
D. transplanting
Answer: C

92. Which of these improves soil fertility naturally?
A. Lime
B. Fertilizer
C. Green manure
D. NPK
Answer: C

93. Which of the following is a non-ruminant animal?
A. Cow
B. Sheep
C. Pig
D. Goat
Answer: C

94. A cropping system that involves planting one type of crop on the same land repeatedly is
A. intercropping
B. mixed cropping
C. monocropping
D. rotational cropping
Answer: C

95. The part of the plant that contains seeds is the
A. leaf
B. stem
C. flower
D. root
Answer: C

96. A fertilizer that supplies nitrogen is
A. super phosphate
B. potassium nitrate
C. ammonium nitrate
D. limestone
Answer: C

97. Watering plants lightly and frequently is called
A. irrigation
B. misting
C. flooding
D. mulching
Answer: B

98. Soil conservation is best achieved by
A. leaching
B. burning
C. contour ploughing
D. planting the same crop
Answer: C

99. Which of the following is a leguminous cover crop?
A. Maize
B. Mucuna
C. Millet
D. Sorghum
Answer: B

100. A symptom of potassium deficiency in plants is
A. yellowing of leaves
B. stunted growth
C. poor flowering
D. leaf scorching
Answer: D

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