WAEC Biology can feel wide, but many questions tend to repeat in different forms every year. This Most Repeated WAEC Biology Questions and Answers compilation is put together to help you focus on those important areas that are likely to come out in the exam. It’s a simple revision guide to help you practice key concepts and understand how WAEC questions are usually set.
Most Repeated Biology WAEC Questions and Answers
Plant cells differ from animal cells because they have
A. Cell membrane only
B. Cell wall and chloroplast
C. Nucleus only
D. Cytoplasm only
Answer: B
Photosynthesis takes place in the
A. Nucleus
B. Ribosome
C. Chloroplast
D. Mitochondrion
Answer: C
The site of aerobic respiration in a cell is the
A. Nucleus
B. Ribosome
C. Mitochondrion
D. Chloroplast
Answer: C
Osmosis is best defined as movement of water molecules from a region of
A. Low concentration to high concentration
B. High concentration to low concentration
C. High water potential to low water potential through a semi-permeable membrane
D. Low water potential to high water potential without a membrane
Answer: C
Enzymes are best described as
A. Hormones
B. Biological catalysts
C. Vitamins
D. Proteins used for storage
Answer: B
The organ responsible for detoxification in humans is the
A. Kidney
B. Lung
C. Heart
D. Liver
Answer: D
The functional unit of the kidney is the
A. Neuron
B. Nephron
C. Alveolus
D. Glomerulus only
Answer: B
The main function of red blood cells is
A. Fight infection
B. Transport oxygen
C. Clot blood
D. Produce hormones
Answer: B
Haemoglobin combines with oxygen to form
A. Oxyhaemoglobin
B. Carboxyhaemoglobin
C. Haematin
D. Plasma protein
Answer: A
The process by which plants lose water vapour is
A. Transpiration
B. Respiration
C. Photosynthesis
D. Osmosis
Answer: A
Most Repeated Biology WAEC Questions
Transpiration mainly occurs through the
A. Root hairs
B. Stomata
C. Xylem vessels
D. Phloem tubes
Answer: B
The movement of food in plants is through the
A. Xylem
B. Cortex
C. Epidermis
D. Phloem
Answer: D
The structure in leaves responsible for gas exchange is the
A. Vein
B. Stoma
C. Cuticle
D. Petiole
Answer: B
The first trophic level in a food chain is occupied by
A. Herbivores
B. Carnivores
C. Producers
D. Decomposers
Answer: C
Energy loss in a food chain is mainly in form of
A. Light energy
B. Heat energy
C. Chemical energy
D. Sound energy
Answer: B
The theory of evolution was proposed by
A. Mendel
B. Darwin
C. Lamarck
D. Pasteur
Answer: B
Variation in organisms is caused by
A. Only environment
B. Only genes
C. Both genes and environment
D. Neither genes nor environment
Answer: C
The transmission of genetic traits is through
A. Hormones
B. DNA
C. Enzymes
D. Blood
Answer: B
The unit of heredity is
A. Chromosome
B. Tissue
C. Cell
D. Gene
Answer: D
The structure that carries genes is the
A. Ribosome
B. Chromosome
C. Vacuole
D. Mitochondrion
Answer: B
Mendel’s experiments were carried out using
A. Maize
B. Pea plant
C. Wheat
D. Mango
Answer: B
The male reproductive organ of a flower is the
A. Ovary
B. Stamen
C. Carpel
D. Sepal
Answer: B
The female reproductive organ of a flower is the
A. Stamen
B. Pistil
C. Anther
D. Filament
Answer: B
Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from
A. Ovary to stigma
B. Anther to stigma
C. Stigma to ovule
D. Ovule to anther
Answer: B
Fertilization in flowering plants occurs in the
A. Ovary
B. Anther
C. Stigma
D. Style
Answer: A
The part of the seed that develops into root is the
A. Plumule
B. Radicle
C. Cotyledon
D. Testa
Answer: B
Most Repeated Biology WAEC Questions
The part of the seed that develops into shoot is the
A. Radicle
B. Seed coat
C. Endosperm
D. Plumule
Answer: D
The blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart is
A. Vein
B. Artery
C. Capillary
D. Venule
Answer: B
The valve that prevents backflow of blood in the heart is the
A. Semilunar valve
B. Epidermal valve
C. Alveolar valve
D. Renal valve
Answer: A
The organ for respiration in humans is the
A. Kidney
B. Lung
C. Liver
D. Heart
Answer: B
The tiny air sacs in the lungs are called
A. Nephrons
B. Alveoli
C. Bronchioles
D. Capillaries
Answer: B
The process of inhalation involves
A. Diaphragm relaxing
B. Rib cage moving down
C. Diaphragm contracting and flattening
D. Lungs shrinking
Answer: C
Exhalation involves
A. Increase in chest volume
B. Diaphragm contracting
C. Decrease in chest volume
D. Air entering lungs
Answer: C
The largest organ in the human body is the
A. Liver
B. Skin
C. Heart
D. Brain
Answer: B
The control centre of the body is the
A. Heart
B. Brain
C. Kidney
D. Liver
Answer: B
Reflex action is controlled by the
A. Brain only
B. Liver
C. Heart
D. Spinal cord
Answer: D
The hormone that regulates blood sugar level is
A. Thyroxine
B. Insulin
C. Adrenaline
D. Estrogen
Answer: B
The disease caused by lack of insulin is
A. Goitre
B. Diabetes mellitus
C. Anaemia
D. Malaria
Answer: B
The vector for malaria is
A. Housefly
B. Mosquito
C. Tsetse fly
D. Rat
Answer: B
Malaria is caused by
A. Virus
B. Bacteria
C. Protozoan
D. Fungus
Answer: C
Asexual reproduction produces offspring that are
A. Genetically different
B. Genetically identical
C. Always stronger
D. Always weaker
Answer: B
The process of seed germination requires
A. Only light
B. Only water
C. Water, oxygen and suitable temperature
D. Carbon dioxide only
Answer: C
The green pigment in plants is
A. Haemoglobin
B. Chlorophyll
C. Keratin
D. Melanin
Answer: B
The process of breaking down food is
A. Digestion
B. Respiration
C. Excretion
D. Absorption
Answer: A
Digestion of starch begins in the
A. Stomach
B. Mouth
C. Small intestine
D. Large intestine
Answer: B
Bile is produced in the
A. Pancreas
B. Liver
C. Stomach
D. Kidney
Answer: B
Bile is stored in the
A. Liver
B. Gall bladder
C. Pancreas
D. Spleen
Answer: B
The enzyme that digests proteins is
A. Pepsin
B. Amylase
C. Lipase
D. Maltase
Answer: A
The process of removing metabolic waste is
A. Digestion
B. Excretion
C. Respiration
D. Circulation
Answer: B
The main excretory product in humans is
A. Oxygen
B. Glucose
C. Urea
D. Salt
Answer: C
The unit of heredity is carried on
A. Ribosome
B. Gene
C. Cell wall
D. Vacuole
Answer: B
Most Repeated Biology WAEC Questions
The process of breaking down glucose to release energy is
A. Photosynthesis
B. Respiration
C. Fermentation
D. Transpiration
Answer: B
Anaerobic respiration produces
A. Oxygen
B. Carbon dioxide only
C. Alcohol or lactic acid
D. Water only
Answer: C
The blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood from lungs to heart is
A. Pulmonary artery
B. Pulmonary vein
C. Aorta
D. Vena cava
Answer: B
The process of maintaining internal balance in the body is
A. Metabolism
B. Homeostasis
C. Osmosis
D. Digestion
Answer: B
The skeleton provides
A. Only movement
B. Support and protection
C. Digestion
D. Respiration
Answer: B
The joint that allows movement in all directions is
A. Hinge joint
B. Ball and socket joint
C. Fixed joint
D. Gliding joint
Answer: B
The process of adaptation helps organisms to
A. Die faster
B. Survive in environment
C. Stop reproduction
D. Lose genes
Answer: B
The process of removing excess salt in fish is through
A. Lungs
B. Gills
C. Skin only
D. Kidney only
Answer: B
The process of water uptake in plants is mainly through
A. Leaves
B. Stem
C. Root hairs
D. Flowers
Answer: C
The tissue that transports water in plants is
A. Phloem
B. Xylem
C. Cortex
D. Epidermis
Answer: B
The process of reproduction ensures
A. Death of species
B. Continuity of species
C. Loss of variation
D. Extinction
Answer: B
The male gamete in humans is
A. Ovum
B. Sperm
C. Zygote
D. Embryo
Answer: B
Fertilization produces a
A. Gamete
B. Zygote
C. Embryo only
D. Tissue
Answer: B
The organ for hearing is the
A. Eye
B. Ear
C. Nose
D. Skin
Answer: B
The part of eye that controls light entry is the
A. Retina
B. Iris
C. Lens
D. Cornea
Answer: B
The image formed on retina is
A. Real and inverted
B. Virtual and erect
C. Magnified only
D. Upright
Answer: A
The disease caused by lack of iron is
A. Diabetes
B. Anaemia
C. Goitre
D. Scurvy
Answer: B
The organ for photosynthesis is the
A. Stem
B. Leaf
C. Root
D. Flower
Answer: B
The part of plant that anchors it is the
A. Stem
B. Root
C. Leaf
D. Bud
Answer: B
The movement of organisms towards light is
A. Geotropism
B. Phototropism
C. Hydrotropism
D. Chemotropism
Answer: B
The study of living things is called
A. Geology
B. Biology
C. Physics
D. Chemistry
Answer: B
Most Repeated Biology Theory WAEC Questions and Answers
1. Explain why enzymes are described as biological catalysts.
Enzymes speed up biochemical reactions in living organisms without being used up.
2. State three factors that affect enzyme activity.
Temperature, pH, and substrate concentration.
3. Explain the term homeostasis.
Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable internal environment in an organism.
4. State two ways the human body regulates temperature.
Sweating and shivering.
5. Explain why the leaf is adapted for photosynthesis.
It is broad, thin, has many chloroplasts, and contains stomata for gas exchange.
6. What is the function of xylem in plants?
To transport water and mineral salts from roots to other parts of the plant.
7. State the function of phloem.
To transport manufactured food from leaves to other parts of the plant.
8. Explain the term immunity.
Immunity is the ability of the body to resist infection by disease-causing organisms.
9. State two types of immunity.
Natural immunity and artificial immunity.
10. What is a pathogen?
A pathogen is a disease-causing organism.
11. Explain why vaccination is important.
It stimulates the body to produce antibodies against specific diseases.
12. State two differences between arteries and veins.
Arteries carry blood away from the heart under high pressure, veins carry blood to the heart under low pressure.
13. What is genetic variation?
Genetic variation refers to differences in characteristics among individuals of the same species.
14. State two causes of variation in living organisms.
Genetic factors and environmental factors.
15. Explain the term natural selection.
Natural selection is the process where organisms best adapted to their environment survive and reproduce.
16. State two roles of microorganisms in the environment.
Decomposition of organic matter and nitrogen fixation.
17. What is a biosphere?
The biosphere is the part of Earth where living organisms exist.
18. State two effects of deforestation.
Loss of habitat and soil erosion.
19. Explain the term ecological succession.
Ecological succession is the gradual change in the species composition of an ecosystem over time.
20. State two importance of biodiversity.
It ensures ecosystem stability and provides resources like food and medicine.
In conclusion, these most repeated WAEC Biology questions and answers are best used as a revision tool, not just something to read once. Take time to go through them, understand the explanations, and test yourself regularly. The more familiar you are with these common patterns, the more confident you’ll be in the exam hall.
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